Re: [Cerowrt-devel] [aqm] chrome web page benchmarker fixed

[Greg White <g.white@CableLabs.com>]

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Dave, 

We used the 25k object size for a short time back in 2012 until we had
resources to build a more advanced model (appendix A).  I did a bunch of
captures of real web pages back in 2011 and compared the object size
statistics to models that I'd seen published.  Lognormal didn't seem to be
*exactly* right, but it wasn't a bad fit to what I saw.  I've attached a
CDF.

The choice of 4 servers was based somewhat on logistics, and also on a
finding that across our data set, the average web page retrieved 81% of
its resources from the top 4 servers.  Increasing to 5 servers only
increased that percentage to 84%.

The choice of RTTs also came from the web traffic captures. I saw
RTTmin=16ms, RTTmean=53.8ms, RTTmax=134ms.

Much of this can be found in
https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-white-httpbis-spdy-analysis-00

In many of the cases that we've simulated, the packet drop probability is
less than 1% for DNS packets.  In our web model, there are a total of 4
servers, so 4 DNS lookups assuming none of the addresses are cached. If
PLR = 1%, there would be a 3.9% chance of losing one or more DNS packets
(with a resulting ~5 second additional delay on load time).  I've probably
oversimplified this, but Kathie N. and I made the call that it would be
significantly easier to just do this math than to build a dns
implementation in ns2.  We've open sourced the web model (it's on Kathie's
web page and will be part of ns2.36) with an encouragement to the
community to improve on it.  If you'd like to port it to ns3 and add a dns
model, that would be fantastic.

-Greg


On 4/17/14, 3:07 PM, "Dave Taht" <dave.taht@gmail.com> wrote:

>On Thu, Apr 17, 2014 at 12:01 PM, William Chan (陈智昌)
><willchan@chromium.org> wrote:
>> Speaking as the primary Chromium developer in charge of this relevant
>>code,
>> I would like to caution putting too much trust in the numbers
>>generated. Any
>> statistical claims about the numbers are probably unreasonable to make.
>
>Sigh. Other benchmarks such as the apache ("ab") benchmark
>are primarily designed as stress testers for web servers, not as realistic
>traffic. Modern web traffic has such a high level of dynamicism in it,
>that static web page loads along any distribution, seem insufficient,
>passive analysis of aggregated traffic "feels" incorrect relative to the
>sorts of home and small business traffic I've seen, and so on.
>
>Famous papers, such as this one:
>
>http://ccr.sigcomm.org/archive/1995/jan95/ccr-9501-leland.pdf
>
>Seem possibly irrelevant to draw conclusions from given the kind
>of data they analysed and proceeding from an incorrect model or
>gut feel for how the network behaves today seems to be foolish.
>
>Even the most basic of tools, such as httping, had three basic bugs
>that I found in a few minutes of trying to come up with some basic
>behaviors yesterday:
>
>https://lists.bufferbloat.net/pipermail/bloat/2014-April/001890.html
>
>Those are going to be a lot easier to fix than diving into the chromium
>codebase!
>
>There are very few tools worth trusting, and I am always dubious
>of papers that publish results with unavailable tools and data. The only
>tools I have any faith in for network analysis are netperf,
>netperf-wrapper,
>tcpdump and xplot.org, and to a large extent wireshark. Toke and I have
>been tearing apart d-itg and I hope to one day be able to add that to
>my trustable list... but better tools are needed!
>
>Tools that I don't have a lot of faith in include that, iperf, anything
>written
>in java or other high level languages, speedtest.net, and things like
>shaperprobe.
>
>Have very little faith in ns2, slightly more in ns3, and I've been meaning
>to look over the mininet and other simulators whenever I got some spare
>time; the mininet results stanford gets seem pretty reasonable and I
>adore their reproducing results effort. Haven't explored ndt, keep meaning
>to...
>
>> Reasons:
>> * We don't actively maintain this code. It's behind the command line
>>flags.
>> They are broken. The fact that it still results in numbers on the
>>benchmark
>> extension is an example of where unmaintained code doesn't have the UI
>> disabled, even though the internal workings of the code fail to
>>guarantee
>> correct operation. We haven't disabled it because, well, it's
>>unmaintained.
>
>As I mentioned I was gearing up for a hacking run...
>
>The vast majority of results I look at are actually obtained via
>looking at packet captures. I mostly use benchmarks as abstractions
>to see if they make some sense relative to the captures and tend
>to compare different benchmarks against each other.
>
>I realize others don't go into that level of detail, so you have given
>fair warning! In our case we used the web page benchmarker as
>a means to try and rapidly acquire some typical distributions of
>get and tcp stream requests from things like the alexa top 1000,
>and as a way to A/B different aqm/packet scheduling setups.
>
>... but the only easily publishable results were from the benchmark
>itself,
>and we (reluctantly) only published one graph from all the work that
>went into it 2+ years back and used it as a test driver for the famous
>ietf video, comparing two identical boxes running it at the same time
>under different network conditions:
>
>https://www.bufferbloat.net/projects/cerowrt/wiki/Bloat-videos#IETF-demo-s
>ide-by-side-of-a-normal-cable-modem-vs-fq_codel
>
>from what I fiddled with today, it is at least still useful for that?
>
>moving on...
>
>The web model in the cablelabs work doesn't look much like my captures,
>in addition to not modeling dns at all, and using a smaller IW than google
>it looks like this:
>
>>> Model single user web page download as follows:
>
>>> - Web page modeled as single HTML page + 100 objects spread evenly
>>> across 4 servers. Web object sizes are currently fixed at 25 kB each,
>>> whereas the initial HTML page is 100 kB. Appendix A provides an
>>> alternative page model that may be explored in future work.
>
>Where what I see is a huge number of stuff that fits into a single
>iw10 slow start episode and some level of pipelining on larger stuff, so
>that a
>large number of object sizes of less than 7k with a lightly tailed
>distribution
>outside of that makes more sense.
>
>(I'm not staring at appendix A right now, I'm under the impression
> it was better)
>
>I certainly would like more suggestions for models and types
>of web traffic, as well as simulation of https + pfs traffic,
>spdy, quic, etc....
>
>>> - Server RTTs set as follows (20 ms, 30 ms, 50 ms, 100 ms).
>
>Server RTTs from my own web history tend to be lower than 50ms.
>
>>> - Initial HTTP GET to retrieve a moderately sized object (100 kB HTML
>>> page) from server 1.
>
>An initial GET to google fits into iw10 - it's about 7k.
>
>>> - Once initial HTTP GET completes, initiate 24 simultaneous HTTP GETs
>>> (via separate TCP connections), 6 connections each to 4 different
>>> server nodes
>
>I usually don't see more than 15. and certainly not 25k sized objects.
>
> > - Once each individual HTTP GET completes, initiate a subsequent GET
>> to the same server, until 25 objects have been retrieved from each
>> server.
>
>
>> * We don't make sure to flush all the network state in between runs, so
>>if
>> you're using that option, don't trust it to work.
>
>The typical scenario we used was a run against dozens or hundreds of urls,
>capturing traffic, while varying network conditions.
>
>Regarded the first run as the most interesting.
>
>Can exit the browser and restart after a run like that.
>
>At moment, merely plan to use the tool primarily to survey various
>web sites and load times while doing packet captures. Hope was
>to get valid data from the network portion of the load, tho...
>
>> * If you have an advanced Chromium setup, this definitely does not
>>work. I
>> advise using the benchmark extension only with a separate Chromium
>>profile
>> for testing purposes. Our flushing of sockets, caches, etc does not
>>actually
>> work correctly when you use the Chromium multiprofile feature and also
>>fails
>> to flush lots of our other network caches.
>
>noted.
>
>
>> * No one on Chromium really believes the time to paint numbers that we
>> output :) It's complicated. Our graphics stack is complicated. The time
>>from
>
>I actually care only about time-to-full layout as that's a core network
>effect...
>
>> when Blink thinks it painted to when the GPU actually blits to the
>>screen
>> cannot currently be corroborated with any high degree of accuracy from
>> within our code.
>
>> * It has not been maintained since 2010. It is quite likely there are
>>many
>> other subtle inaccuracies here.
>
>Grok.
>
>> In short, while you can expect it to give you a very high level
>> understanding of performance issues, I advise against placing
>>non-trivial
>> confidence in the accuracy of the numbers generated by the benchmark
>> extension. The fact that numbers are produced by the extension should
>>not be
>> treated as evidence that the extension actually functions correctly.
>
>OK, noted. Still delighted to be able to have a simple load generator
>that exercises the browsers and generates some results, however
>dubious.
>
>>
>> Cheers.
>>
>>
>> On Thu, Apr 17, 2014 at 10:49 AM, Dave Taht <dave.taht@gmail.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> Getting a grip on real web page load time behavior in an age of
>>> sharded websites,
>>> dozens of dns lookups, javascript, and fairly random behavior in ad
>>> services
>>> and cdns against how a modern browsers behaves is very, very hard.
>>>
>>> it turns out if you run
>>>
>>> google-chrome --enable-benchmarking --enable-net-benchmarking
>>>
>>> (Mac users have to embed these options in their startup script - see
>>>  http://www.chromium.org/developers/how-tos/run-chromium-with-flags )
>>>
>>> enable developer options and install and run the chrome web page
>>> benchmarker,
>>> (
>>> 
>>>https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/page-benchmarker/channimfdomah
>>>ekjcahlbpccbgaopjll?hl=en
>>> )
>>>
>>> that it works (at least for me, on a brief test of the latest chrome,
>>>on
>>> linux.
>>> Can someone try windows and mac?)
>>>
>>> You can then feed in a list of urls to test against, and post process
>>> the resulting .csv file to your hearts content. We used to use this
>>> benchmark a lot while trying to characterise typical web behaviors
>>> under aqm and packet scheduling systems under load. Running
>>> it simultaneously with a rrul test or one of the simpler tcp upload or
>>> download
>>> tests in the rrul suite was often quite interesting.
>>>
>>> It turned out the doc has been wrong a while as to the name of the
>>>second
>>> command lnie option. I was gearing up mentally for having to look at
>>> the source....
>>>
>>> http://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=338705
>>>
>>> /me happy
>>>
>>> --
>>> Dave Täht
>>>
>>> Heartbleed POC on wifi campus networks with EAP auth:
>>> http://www.eduroam.edu.au/advisory.html
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> aqm mailing list
>>> aqm@ietf.org
>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/aqm
>>
>>
>
>
>
>-- 
>Dave Täht
>
>NSFW: 
>https://w2.eff.org/Censorship/Internet_censorship_bills/russell_0296_indec
>ent.article
>
>_______________________________________________
>aqm mailing list
>aqm@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/aqm


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4715  487 mt 4715  487 L
SO
4816 5781 mt 4816 5742 L
4816  487 mt 4816  525 L
DO
4816 5781 mt 4816  487 L
4816  487 mt 4816  487 L
SO
4901 5781 mt 4901 5742 L
4901  487 mt 4901  525 L
DO
4901 5781 mt 4901  487 L
4901  487 mt 4901  487 L
SO
4975 5781 mt 4975 5742 L
4975  487 mt 4975  525 L
DO
4975 5781 mt 4975  487 L
4975  487 mt 4975  487 L
SO
5040 5781 mt 5040 5742 L
5040  487 mt 5040  525 L
DO
5040 5781 mt 5040  487 L
5040  487 mt 5040  487 L
SO
5098 5781 mt 5098 5742 L
5098  487 mt 5098  525 L
DO
5098 5781 mt 5098  487 L
5098  487 mt 5098  487 L
SO
5098 5781 mt 5098 5704 L
5098  487 mt 5098  563 L
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5010 5963 mt 
(10) s
%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica
/Helvetica /ISOLatin1Encoding 80 FMSR

5143 5889 mt 
(3) s
5481 5781 mt 5481 5742 L
5481  487 mt 5481  525 L
DO
5481 5781 mt 5481  487 L
5481  487 mt 5481  487 L
SO
5705 5781 mt 5705 5742 L
5705  487 mt 5705  525 L
DO
5705 5781 mt 5705  487 L
5705  487 mt 5705  487 L
SO
5864 5781 mt 5864 5742 L
5864  487 mt 5864  525 L
DO
5864 5781 mt 5864  487 L
5864  487 mt 5864  487 L
SO
5987 5781 mt 5987 5742 L
5987  487 mt 5987  525 L
DO
5987 5781 mt 5987  487 L
5987  487 mt 5987  487 L
SO
6088 5781 mt 6088 5742 L
6088  487 mt 6088  525 L
DO
6088 5781 mt 6088  487 L
6088  487 mt 6088  487 L
SO
6173 5781 mt 6173 5742 L
6173  487 mt 6173  525 L
DO
6173 5781 mt 6173  487 L
6173  487 mt 6173  487 L
SO
6247 5781 mt 6247 5742 L
6247  487 mt 6247  525 L
DO
6247 5781 mt 6247  487 L
6247  487 mt 6247  487 L
SO
6312 5781 mt 6312 5742 L
6312  487 mt 6312  525 L
DO
6312 5781 mt 6312  487 L
6312  487 mt 6312  487 L
SO
6371 5781 mt 6371 5742 L
6371  487 mt 6371  525 L
DO
6371 5781 mt 6371  487 L
6371  487 mt 6371  487 L
SO
6371 5781 mt 6371 5704 L
6371  487 mt 6371  563 L
%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica
/Helvetica /ISOLatin1Encoding 120 FMSR

6283 5963 mt 
(10) s
%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica
/Helvetica /ISOLatin1Encoding 80 FMSR

6416 5889 mt 
(4) s
6754 5781 mt 6754 5742 L
6754  487 mt 6754  525 L
DO
6754 5781 mt 6754  487 L
6754  487 mt 6754  487 L
SO
6978 5781 mt 6978 5742 L
6978  487 mt 6978  525 L
DO
6978 5781 mt 6978  487 L
6978  487 mt 6978  487 L
SO
7137 5781 mt 7137 5742 L
7137  487 mt 7137  525 L
DO
7137 5781 mt 7137  487 L
7137  487 mt 7137  487 L
SO
7260 5781 mt 7260 5742 L
7260  487 mt 7260  525 L
DO
7260 5781 mt 7260  487 L
7260  487 mt 7260  487 L
SO
7361 5781 mt 7361 5742 L
7361  487 mt 7361  525 L
DO
7361 5781 mt 7361  487 L
7361  487 mt 7361  487 L
SO
7446 5781 mt 7446 5742 L
7446  487 mt 7446  525 L
DO
7446 5781 mt 7446  487 L
7446  487 mt 7446  487 L
SO
7520 5781 mt 7520 5742 L
7520  487 mt 7520  525 L
DO
7520 5781 mt 7520  487 L
7520  487 mt 7520  487 L
SO
7585 5781 mt 7585 5742 L
7585  487 mt 7585  525 L
DO
7585 5781 mt 7585  487 L
7585  487 mt 7585  487 L
SO
7643 5781 mt 7643 5742 L
7643  487 mt 7643  525 L
DO
7643 5781 mt 7643  487 L
7643  487 mt 7643  487 L
SO
7643 5781 mt 7643 5704 L
7643  487 mt 7643  563 L
%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica
/Helvetica /ISOLatin1Encoding 120 FMSR

7555 5963 mt 
(10) s
%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica
/Helvetica /ISOLatin1Encoding 80 FMSR

7688 5889 mt 
(5) s
8026 5781 mt 8026 5742 L
8026  487 mt 8026  525 L
DO
8026 5781 mt 8026  487 L
8026  487 mt 8026  487 L
SO
8250 5781 mt 8250 5742 L
8250  487 mt 8250  525 L
DO
8250 5781 mt 8250  487 L
8250  487 mt 8250  487 L
SO
8409 5781 mt 8409 5742 L
8409  487 mt 8409  525 L
DO
8409 5781 mt 8409  487 L
8409  487 mt 8409  487 L
SO
8532 5781 mt 8532 5742 L
8532  487 mt 8532  525 L
DO
8532 5781 mt 8532  487 L
8532  487 mt 8532  487 L
SO
8633 5781 mt 8633 5742 L
8633  487 mt 8633  525 L
DO
8633 5781 mt 8633  487 L
8633  487 mt 8633  487 L
SO
8718 5781 mt 8718 5742 L
8718  487 mt 8718  525 L
DO
8718 5781 mt 8718  487 L
8718  487 mt 8718  487 L
SO
8792 5781 mt 8792 5742 L
8792  487 mt 8792  525 L
DO
8792 5781 mt 8792  487 L
8792  487 mt 8792  487 L
SO
8857 5781 mt 8857 5742 L
8857  487 mt 8857  525 L
DO
8857 5781 mt 8857  487 L
8857  487 mt 8857  487 L
SO
8916 5781 mt 8916 5742 L
8916  487 mt 8916  525 L
DO
8916 5781 mt 8916  487 L
8916  487 mt 8916  487 L
SO
8916 5781 mt 8916 5704 L
8916  487 mt 8916  563 L
%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica
/Helvetica /ISOLatin1Encoding 120 FMSR

8828 5963 mt 
(10) s
%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica
/Helvetica /ISOLatin1Encoding 80 FMSR

8961 5889 mt 
(6) s
1281 5781 mt 1357 5781 L
8916 5781 mt 8839 5781 L
%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica
/Helvetica /ISOLatin1Encoding 120 FMSR

1180 5825 mt 
(0) s
1281 5251 mt 1357 5251 L
8916 5251 mt 8839 5251 L
1080 5295 mt 
(0.1) s
1281 4722 mt 1357 4722 L
8916 4722 mt 8839 4722 L
1080 4766 mt 
(0.2) s
1281 4192 mt 1357 4192 L
8916 4192 mt 8839 4192 L
1080 4236 mt 
(0.3) s
1281 3663 mt 1357 3663 L
8916 3663 mt 8839 3663 L
1080 3707 mt 
(0.4) s
1281 3134 mt 1357 3134 L
8916 3134 mt 8839 3134 L
1080 3178 mt 
(0.5) s
1281 2604 mt 1357 2604 L
8916 2604 mt 8839 2604 L
1080 2648 mt 
(0.6) s
1281 2075 mt 1357 2075 L
8916 2075 mt 8839 2075 L
1080 2119 mt 
(0.7) s
1281 1545 mt 1357 1545 L
8916 1545 mt 8839 1545 L
1080 1589 mt 
(0.8) s
1281 1016 mt 1357 1016 L
8916 1016 mt 8839 1016 L
1080 1060 mt 
(0.9) s
1281  487 mt 1357  487 L
8916  487 mt 8839  487 L
1180  531 mt 
(1) s
1281 5781 mt 8916 5781 L
1281  487 mt 8916  487 L
1281 5781 mt 1281  487 L
8916 5781 mt 8916  487 L
gs 1281 487 7636 5295 rc
/c8 { 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 sr} bdef
c8
35 -7 34 0 35 -3 35 -7 35 -7 35 -4 35 0 35 0 
35 -3 35 -4 34 -4 35 0 35 0 35 -7 35 -3 35 -7 
35 -4 35 -7 34 -7 35 -7 35 -7 35 -15 35 0 35 -10 
35 -7 35 -7 35 0 34 -18 35 -14 35 -39 35 -15 35 -42 
35 -43 35 -25 35 -39 34 -50 35 -28 35 -36 35 -39 35 -35 
35 -39 35 -36 35 -82 34 -49 35 -36 35 -32 35 -50 35 -49 
35 -25 35 -29 35 -24 35 -22 34 -60 35 -43 35 -25 35 -32 
35 -17 35 -29 35 -35 35 -57 34 -46 35 -43 35 -53 35 -25 
35 -68 35 -81 35 -96 35 -71 35 -89 34 -86 35 -46 35 -92 
35 -100 35 -78 35 -71 35 -60 35 -89 34 -82 35 -71 35 -50 
35 -74 35 -61 35 -74 35 -53 35 -82 34 -61 35 -67 35 -71 
35 -36 35 -53 35 -57 35 -39 35 -35 35 -50 34 -36 35 -39 
35 -25 35 -64 35 -60 35 -57 35 -32 35 -25 34 -35 35 -50 
35 -32 35 -53 35 -46 35 -15 35 -57 35 -17 35 -32 34 -25 
35 -36 35 -49 35 -32 35 -47 35 -28 35 -28 35 -25 34 -46 
35 -15 35 -14 35 -18 35 -7 35 -21 35 -36 35 -28 35 -25 
34 -28 35 -7 35 -18 35 -11 35 -21 35 -32 35 -4 35 -7 
34 -7 35 -4 35 -71 35 -71 35 -227 35 -4 35 0 35 -21 
34 0 35 0 35 -3 35 0 35 0 35 0 35 0 35 0 
35 -18 34 0 35 0 35 -7 35 0 35 0 35 0 35 -4 
35 -3 34 0 35 -11 35 0 35 0 35 0 35 0 35 0 
35 0 35 0 34 0 35 0 35 0 35 0 35 0 35 0 
35 0 35 0 34 0 35 0 35 0 35 0 35 0 35 0 
35 0 35 0 34 0 35 0 35 0 35 -11 35 0 35 0 
35 0 35 0 35 0 34 0 35 0 35 0 35 0 1298 5763 200 MP stroke
gr

c8
0 sg
3447  392 mt 
(CDF of object size for 15 popular websites \(1490 total obje\
cts\)) s
 998 3729 mt  -90 rotate
(Cumulative Distibution) s
90 rotate
4592 6106 mt 
(Object Size \(bytes\)) s

end %%Color Dict

eplot
%%EndObject

epage
end

showpage

%%Trailer
%%EOF