comparisons between codel and cobalt... no sources (sigh) https://pure.rug.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/992755079/SSK_NETWORKING24_dAQM_Authors-version.pdf "In this paper, we propose a novel derivative-based AQM al- gorithm called dAQM. Building on [4], dAQM uses advanced traffic features like higher-order derivatives of sojourn time and buffer size for computing the PDP. The higher-order deriva- tives provide an insight into the rate of change of network congestion. For example, the first-order derivative of sojourn time shows the sharp arrival or departure rate of network traffic. It also provides an insight into the local minima or maxima of the sojourn time which aids in estimating the PDP. The second and third-order derivatives of sojourn time provide additional insight into the bursty periods of the network traffic." -- Dave Täht CSO, LibreQos