From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: Received: from secmail.pch.net (secmail.pch.net [206.220.231.87]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher AECDH-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by lists.bufferbloat.net (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 940263CB37 for ; Thu, 22 Feb 2024 19:51:51 -0500 (EST) Received: from secmail.pch.net (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by secmail.pch.net (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4Tgs0Q4Zwhz4yd8S for ; Thu, 22 Feb 2024 16:51:50 -0800 (PST) Authentication-Results: secmail.pch.net (amavisd-new); dkim=pass reason="pass (just generated, assumed good)" header.d=pch.net DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=pch.net; h= x-mailer:to:references:message-id:date:in-reply-to:from:subject :mime-version:content-type; s=secmail_dkim; t=1708649510; x= 1711241511; bh=i2toZm+KkLjvkgwYhnuNN5L+lHbg1280Y7AFTs77OIY=; b=M o7gO4+r7DzVUYabzh+jZhjNpsiwZWxPHqJWgpGGovzb37QZCfKEgwxed+Nxx04YM 9viw2zQhbJQjuaVLZDZHhCbWdW2UOOUItuga6VGGN4gSfdNIIQ4yaWjNGWVdPGpr 5Ni1AFVueOO4Itjt5w6Fr7578zPdMABIXdRfojv5QtupNtxbZHmW6oyZ92b1N06A 5sICGU0AGojNsdtBwBMQjBdW+9RPstfy06VUM83pFIwrydG/9totj0t38io/1qSL ZIFiE6H+1txMST6O0gJjmRelsqHZ7XFPeT9mUJ1847qcoYp4sQMhi9A8OKPdjyrw SH2xLX31iOCCRES1H1PEw== X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at secmail.pch.net Received: from secmail.pch.net ([127.0.0.1]) by secmail.pch.net (secmail.pch.net [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10026) with ESMTP id sTwy5u0odsyr for ; Thu, 22 Feb 2024 16:51:50 -0800 (PST) Received: from smtpclient.apple (itv-02 [69.166.14.6]) by secmail.pch.net (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 4Tgs0P2RGhz4yd8P; Thu, 22 Feb 2024 16:51:49 -0800 (PST) Content-Type: multipart/signed; boundary="Apple-Mail=_01BF9DF5-0FEB-411F-B19B-5DBA8CAF01D0"; protocol="application/pgp-signature"; micalg=pgp-sha256 Mime-Version: 1.0 (Mac OS X Mail 16.0 \(3774.500.171.1.1\)) From: Bill Woodcock In-Reply-To: Date: Fri, 23 Feb 2024 01:51:47 +0100 Cc: =?utf-8?Q?Network_Neutrality_is_back!_Let=C2=B4s_make_the_technical_as?= =?utf-8?Q?pects_heard_this_time!?= , Brent Legg Message-Id: <673B3FF2-1FD8-4CB8-9726-70785B1CBFC0@pch.net> References: To: Dave Cohen X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.3774.500.171.1.1) Subject: Re: [NNagain] The Whys of the Wichita IXP Project X-BeenThere: nnagain@lists.bufferbloat.net X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.20 Precedence: list List-Id: =?utf-8?q?Network_Neutrality_is_back!_Let=C2=B4s_make_the_technical_aspects_heard_this_time!?= List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:51:51 -0000 --Apple-Mail=_01BF9DF5-0FEB-411F-B19B-5DBA8CAF01D0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 > On Feb 23, 2024, at 01:09, Dave Cohen wrote: > Prior to roughly 2016-17, most IXs in the US that we worked with were = in a single site The vast majority of IXPs are still in a single site, but all the ones = with normal switch-fabric extension policies are on a growth path to = multiple sites, provided the markets they=E2=80=99re in are of = sufficient size to support it. Both of those things have been the case = for more than thirty years. > =E2=80=A6that site was often not a third-party facility, often a = private R&E oriented datacenter. Can you explain in more words what you=E2=80=99re saying here? IXPs = spring up in all kinds of sites=E2=80=A6 Many of them are in closets of = buildings which happen to have multiple ISPs already present because all = of the ISPs already have customers in the building. Some of them are in = datacenters, and some of those are =E2=80=9Cneutral=E2=80=9D = datacenters, while others are owned or operated by one of the = participating networks, and others are governmental or academic. = There=E2=80=99s a very wide diversity of IXP siting arrangements, and = often individual IXPs are spread across several different kinds of = sites; that=E2=80=99s always been the case. Over time, existing IXPs, as they grow, tend to spread across more = sites; but also, new IXPs form, which almost always form in a single = location before growing to multiple sites. IXPs that _start_ = organically in multiple sites simultaneously certainly aren=E2=80=99t = common. -Bill --Apple-Mail=_01BF9DF5-0FEB-411F-B19B-5DBA8CAF01D0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=signature.asc Content-Type: application/pgp-signature; name=signature.asc Content-Description: Message signed with OpenPGP -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- iQIzBAEBCAAdFiEEm6XJ0FdpKWJHso4lb6RwSyiLf4cFAmXX7CMACgkQb6RwSyiL f4enFBAAgQJ5qI3T8VbVf5qS4p/g+znoRy6h7rY0OeNYqrE1/bx+UjMBlwEuf2qE 5P1MLztOfPnVfsOLXzb9ZejotRhdcNXYjmGMM8rA1mB8b5+FbquZbvt+Gt2zpiiC BHk6RHrLmxqjnYpncnKKelZywodnsb7uSHyTrDsgEPXfAN0kkvYMzIvRfa+vR+PJ lzeRkBA+sHNC+Sz6nytPmjbI8XxgfasJJmmMiIK4CR58RYFeBt8S3m08N/ogtylW IxIDwFhhEKzT8IR07zGeZ/5rnjHfuB2Lfn8/yHGB178Byq+wGj/R0RcUh6ZXB/bS ZKrmVjO/K0RLBYYEHQfk0Sv7F28qK1xcEGAC9bfMdrIw3K/pikpi2kf0PHveQgmP cwmm26MW7ycxmZHAduNUP0FLVDG4ixAQ/c23DmueASddxk+joQ0Mr+b1X4zSAs1+ K61d6zZ1QTX48fM4VcWlFCjA9/b5KNmxZ+cPR9rt+oMGPUAikoCpskN7UL1iYHfc wfI1FzemQwlT+ywv5s8H1yzWe0eg1DtEFbvD3f9P2U6ggFa2m5frt9OK3A7OlgeJ mLnO5G6X0xk7wuNJlTOSdlT5e4Xg+o5zrUiN/v6/JzzX76eKyyXGwzeQbpFeuXh3 3xRda1sAiNhgyVhRJ4eRSx5YAn9iZrhUeLGTroStmPyE4wcO26k= =ohQb -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- --Apple-Mail=_01BF9DF5-0FEB-411F-B19B-5DBA8CAF01D0--