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Fri, 07 Nov 2025 03:00:17 -0800 (PST) MIME-Version: 1.0 References: In-Reply-To: From: Vint Cerf Date: Fri, 7 Nov 2025 06:00:02 -0500 X-Gm-Features: AWmQ_bk9qzCoDwF_NXbGSFFJPDSAoxhLR1zHocPkwgaTNI7PjPXtqtoqW0-h1kg Message-ID: To: =?UTF-8?Q?Network_Neutrality_is_back=21_Let=C2=B4s_make_the_technical_asp?= =?UTF-8?Q?ects_heard_this_time=21?= Message-ID-Hash: BXDWAPAW75YDMETJKO2V4EP6YH7KDUK5 X-Message-ID-Hash: BXDWAPAW75YDMETJKO2V4EP6YH7KDUK5 X-MailFrom: vint@google.com X-Mailman-Rule-Misses: dmarc-mitigation; no-senders; approved; loop; banned-address; emergency; member-moderation; nonmember-moderation; administrivia; implicit-dest; max-recipients; max-size; news-moderation; no-subject; digests; suspicious-header Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" X-Content-Filtered-By: Mailman/MimeDel 3.3.10 X-Mailman-Version: 3.3.10 Precedence: list Reply-To: =?utf-8?q?Network_Neutrality_is_back!_Let=C2=B4s_make_the_technical_aspects_heard_this_time!?= Subject: [NNagain] Re: Net Neutrality - a battle in Europe: Deutsche Telekom case shines light on 'two-speed' internet List-Id: =?utf-8?q?Network_Neutrality_is_back!_Let=C2=B4s_make_the_technical_aspects_heard_this_time!?= Archived-At: List-Archive: List-Help: List-Owner: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: RnJhbnRpc2VrLA0KaG93IGlzIGEgImZhc3QgbGFuZSIgZGlmZmVyZW50IGZyb20gcGF5aW5nIG1v cmUgZm9yIGhpZ2hlciBiYW5kd2lkdGg/IFRoZQ0KbGF0dGVyIGlzIHByZXR0eSBjb21tb24gYW5k IGV2ZW4gdW5kZXJzdGFuZGFibGUuIEluIHRoZSBVUywgbmV1dHJhbGl0eQ0KbWVhbnQgZXZlcnlv bmUgaGFzIHRoZSBzYW1lIGFjY2VzcyBydWxlcyB3aGljaCBpbmNsdWRlcyBiZWluZyBhYmxlIHRv IHBheQ0KbW9yZSBmb3IgaGlnaGVyIHNwZWVkLiBUaGUgdXNlcnMgZ290IHRvIGRldGVybWluZSB3 aGF0IHNwZWVkIHRoZXkgd2FudGVkLA0Kbm90IHRoZSBwcm92aWRlci4gTm9yIGNvdWxkIHRoZSBw cm92aWRlciAoSVNQKSBjaG9vc2UgYXJiaXRyYXJpbHkgd2hpY2gNCnNlcnZpY2VzIHRoZSB1c2Vy IHdvdWxkIGdldCBhdCB3aGF0IHNwZWVkLiBUaGUgYXBwbGljYXRpb24gcHJvdmlkZXJzLA0Kc2lt aWxhcmx5LCBnZXQgdG8gY2hvb3NlIHdoYXQgc3BlZWQgYW5kIGNvc3QgdGhleSBjYW4gcHJvdmlk ZSBzZXJ2aWNlLiBJbg0KYWxsIGNhc2VzLCB0aGUgSVNQIGRvZXMgbm90IGdldCB0byBkaWN0YXRl IHRoZSBzcGVlZHMgdGhleSBvZmZlciB0byB1c2Vycw0KYW5kIGFwcGxpY2F0aW9uIHByb3ZpZGVy cy4gVGhlIHJ1bGUgd29ya3MgbW9yZSBvciBsZXNzIGxpa2UgY29tbW9uDQpjYXJyaWFnZS4gWW91 IHBheSBmb3Igd2hhdCB5b3UgZ2V0LCB0aGUgY2FycmllciBoYXMgdG8gb2ZmZXIgYWxsIHNlcnZp Y2VzDQp0byBhbGwgcGFydGllcyBvbiB0aGUgc2FtZSB0ZXJtcy4NCg0Kdg0KDQoNCk9uIEZyaSwg Tm92IDcsIDIwMjUgYXQgNToxM+KAr0FNIEZyYW50aXNlayBCb3JzaWsgdmlhIE5uYWdhaW4gPA0K bm5hZ2FpbkBsaXN0cy5idWZmZXJibG9hdC5uZXQ+IHdyb3RlOg0KDQo+IERUIGlzIGF0IGl0IGFn YWluOg0KPg0KPiBodHRwczovL2V1b2JzZXJ2ZXIuY29tL2RpZ2l0YWwvYXI1ZGE2NjZkOQ0KPg0K PiAiRWFybGllciB0aGlzIHllYXIsIEF1c3RyaWFuIGFuZCBHZXJtYW4gTkdPcyBmaWxlZCBhIGNv bXBsYWludCB3aXRoIHRoZQ0KPiBHZXJtYW4gRmVkZXJhbCBOZXR3b3JrIEFnZW5jeSBhZ2FpbnN0 IERldXRzY2hlIFRlbGVrb20sIGFsbGVnaW5nIHRoYXQgdGhlDQo+IGludGVybmV0IHNlcnZpY2Ug cHJvdmlkZXIgKElTUCkgaXMgY3JlYXRpbmcgcGFpZCBmYXN0IGxhbmVzIHRvIGFjY2Vzcw0KPiB3 ZWJzaXRlcy4NCj4NCj4gT24gV2VkbmVzZGF5ICg1IE5vdmVtYmVyKSwgdGhlIGdyb3VwcyBoZWxk IGEgdGFsayB0byBvdXRsaW5lIHRoZWlyDQo+IGNvbXBsYWludCBhbmQgd2h5IGl0J3MgaW1wb3J0 YW50IGZvciBFdXJvcGUncyBuZXQgbmV1dHJhbGl0eS4NCj4NCj4gVGhlIE5HT3MgY29uc2lzdHMg b2YgRXBpY2VudGVyLndvcmtzLCB0aGUgU29jaWV0eSBmb3IgQ2l2aWwgUmlnaHRzLCB0aGUNCj4g RmVkZXJhdGlvbiBvZiBHZXJtYW4gQ29uc3VtZXIgT3JnYW5pc2F0aW9ucywgcGx1cyBTdGFuZm9y ZCBwcm9mZXNzb3INCj4gQmFyYmFyYSB2YW4gU2NoZXdpY2ssIGFyZ3VpbmcgdGhhdCBEZXV0c2No ZSBUZWxla29tIGlzIGNyZWF0aW5nIGENCj4gdHdvLXRpZXJlZCBpbnRlcm5ldCB0aHJvdWdoIGhh dmluZyB3ZWIgaG9zdHMgcGF5IGV4dHJhIGZvciBUZWxla29t4oCZcw0KPiB1c2Vycy4iDQo+DQo+ IEFsbCB0aGUgYmVzdCwNCj4NCj4gRnJhbmsNCj4NCj4gRnJhbnRpc2VrIChGcmFuaykgQm9yc2lr DQo+DQo+DQo+ICpJbiBsb3ZpbmcgbWVtb3J5IG9mIERhdmUgVMOkaHQ6ICoxOTY1LTIwMjUNCj4N Cj4gaHR0cHM6Ly9saWJyZXFvcy5pby8yMDI1LzA0LzAxL2luLWxvdmluZy1tZW1vcnktb2YtZGF2 ZS8NCj4NCj4NCj4gaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubGlua2VkaW4uY29tL2luL2ZyYW50aXNla2JvcnNpaw0K Pg0KPiBTaWduYWwsIFRlbGVncmFtLCBXaGF0c0FwcDogKzQyMTkxOTQxNjcxNCA8KzQyMSUyMDkx OSUyMDQxNiUyMDcxND4NCj4NCj4gaU1lc3NhZ2UsIG1vYmlsZTogKzQyMDc3NTIzMDg4NSA8KzQy MCUyMDc3NSUyMDIzMCUyMDg4NT4NCj4NCj4gU2t5cGU6IGNhc2lvYTUzMDJjYQ0KPg0KPiBmcmFu dGlzZWsuYm9yc2lrQGdtYWlsLmNvbQ0KPiBfX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19f X19fX19fX19fX19fX19fXw0KPiBObmFnYWluIG1haWxpbmcgbGlzdCAtLSBubmFnYWluQGxpc3Rz LmJ1ZmZlcmJsb2F0Lm5ldA0KPiBUbyB1bnN1YnNjcmliZSBzZW5kIGFuIGVtYWlsIHRvIG5uYWdh aW4tbGVhdmVAbGlzdHMuYnVmZmVyYmxvYXQubmV0DQo+DQoNCg0KLS0gDQpQbGVhc2Ugc2VuZCBh bnkgcG9zdGFsL292ZXJuaWdodCBkZWxpdmVyaWVzIHRvOg0KVmludCBDZXJmDQpHb29nbGUsIExM Qw0KMTkwMCBSZXN0b24gTWV0cm8gUGxhemEsIDE2dGggRmxvb3INClJlc3RvbiwgVkEgMjAxOTAN CisxICg1NzEpIDIxMyAxMzQ2DQoNCg0KdW50aWwgZnVydGhlciBub3RpY2UNCg==