[Bloat] Detecting bufferbloat from outside a node

[Jonathan Morton]

One thing that might help you here is the TCP Timestamps option. The
timestamps thus produced are opaque, but you can observe them and measure
the time intervals between their production and echo. You should be able to
infer something from that, with care.

To determine the difference between loaded and unloaded states, you may
need to observe for an extended period of time. Eventually you'll observe
some sort of bulk flow, even if it's just a software update cycle. It's not
quite so certain that you'll observe an idle state, but it is sufficient to
observe an instance of the link not being completely saturated, which is
likely to occur at least occasionally.

- Jonathan Morton
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