[Cake] CAKE set-associative hashing

[Jonathan Morton]

In CPUs, 4-way is now common in first-level caches, 16-way at last-level.
It is a tradeoff between guaranteed hit latency (necessary in synchronous
hardware) and collision rate.  In software, average hit latency is usually
more relevant, and worst-case throughput otherwise.

IMHO, having a separate qdisc tree per hardware queue is the wrong design.
Better would be a single qdisc (or tree thereof) that can be drained
concurrently into all queues.  That currently seems to be easiest to
arrange by putting the qdiscs in userspace, but theoretically that need not
be so.

- Jonathan Morton
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