<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">Hi Michael,</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">In my case (WAN = GPON DL/UP 2Gbps/500Mbps) some devices are bottlenecked at the AP, others are</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">bottlenecked at the switch, like my NAS which is multi-homed with 2 x 1GE ports to the switch.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">WAN downlink is hardly ever the bottleneck. However, backhaul links are 10GE and there may be </div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">congestion there depending on the level of over subscription. </div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">(From a container in the NAS)</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace"><div class="gmail_default"> Server: ORANGE FRANCE - Paris (id = 24215)</div><div class="gmail_default"> ISP: Orange</div><div class="gmail_default"> Latency: 0.92 ms (0.03 ms jitter)</div><div class="gmail_default"> Download: 935.31 Mbps (data used: 433.1 MB)</div><div class="gmail_default"> Upload: 599.02 Mbps (data used: 645.4 MB)</div><div class="gmail_default">Packet Loss: 0.0%</div></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">For a laptop connected to one AP (line of sight available) I get 500Mbps DL/UL speedtest. </div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">For the uplink it is hard to say if the bottleneck is the uplink of the router or one of the three APs,</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">or the switch? At 5GHz no device goes below ~700Mbps (PHY) rate according to the WLC.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">My case is not really common now, but with fiber adoption growth and more people working from</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">home I expect this to become more common. WMM helps with all the online meetings we do these days.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">For video end-points (like Cisco DX) I only use ethernet.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">With fiber growth in the home, investments in the backhaul become critical to keep up with demand.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">For xDSL the bottleneck is the WAN with high probability.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace">Luca</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace"><br></div></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, Oct 6, 2020 at 2:15 PM Michael Welzl <<a href="mailto:michawe@ifi.uio.no">michawe@ifi.uio.no</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Hi, and thanks for a quick answer!<br>
<br>
But, it's not quite what I was looking for.... see below:<br>
<br>
> On 6 Oct 2020, at 13:47, Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <<a href="mailto:toke@toke.dk" target="_blank">toke@toke.dk</a>> wrote:<br>
> <br>
> Michael Welzl <<a href="mailto:michawe@ifi.uio.no" target="_blank">michawe@ifi.uio.no</a>> writes:<br>
> <br>
>> Hi all,<br>
>> <br>
>> A simple question to y'all who spent so much time on Cake and things<br>
>> ... in a household using WiFi, which buffer is usually bloated? Where<br>
>> does the latency really come from?<br>
>> <br>
>> Is it:<br>
>> 1. the access point's downlink queue, feeding into the WiFi network,<br>
> <br>
> This we mostly fixed, but only if you're on a recent OpenWrt with the<br>
> right WiFi drivers.<br>
<br>
Well okay... I was curious about where the bottleneck is. I can translate my question into: "if Cake is installed everywhere, where does it have the most work to do?".<br>
<br>
<br>
> Otherwise, this is a major source of latency *if*<br>
> the WiFi link is faster than the downlink from the internet.<br>
<br>
Huh? Slower, you mean?<br>
<br>
<br>
> This<br>
> depends on both the internet connection and the current rate each WiFi<br>
> station operates at, so it can vary wildly, and on very short time<br>
> scales.<br>
<br>
Sure... I was asking for the "if" in your statement above - since this is an operationally-oriented list: what do people see? What is the more common case?<br>
<br>
<br>
>> 2. the modem's downlink queue, feeding into the access point,<br>
> <br>
> If your internet (downlink) connection is slower than your WiFi link,<br>
> this is where you'll get the queueing.<br>
<br>
Yes sure :-) see above: I wanted to know what the more common case is, in households that people on this list have dealt with.<br>
<br>
<br>
>> 3. the modem's uplink queue,<br>
> <br>
> As above, but in the other direction - but as uplinks tend to be<br>
> asymmetric, this direction is often more of a problem.<br>
> <br>
>> 4. the access point's uplink queue towards the modem (hm, that seems<br>
>> silly, surely the AP-modem connection is fast... so perhaps, instead:<br>
>> the queue in the host, as it wants to send data towards the access<br>
>> point)<br>
> <br>
> Yeah, that would be in the host; but host drivers can suffer from severe<br>
> bufferbloat as well, especially as rates drop (since the buffers are<br>
> often tuned for the maximum throughput the device can deliver in<br>
> best-case signal conditions).<br>
> <br>
>> or is it a combination of these?<br>
> <br>
> Usually it's a combination; especially since the WiFi capacity varies<br>
> wildly with signal conditions (as devices move around relative to the<br>
> AP), general link usage (more devices active mean less available<br>
> capacity for each device, exacerbated by airtime unfairness), and<br>
> interference. Also there are things like excessive retries causing HoL<br>
> blocking.<br>
<br>
Man, what an academic answer! Makes me think you have a PhD, or something! What *theoretically* can happen is not what I was fishing for :-D<br>
<br>
<br>
>> I guess that, with openwrt, Cake is operating on the queue that's<br>
>> feeding the wifi network, as the modem's queue is out of its<br>
>> control... so: is this where the bottleneck usually is?<br>
> <br>
> It certainly used to be; but as uplink connection speeds improve, the<br>
> bottleneck moves to the WiFi link.<br>
<br>
Yessss, that's why I was asking....<br>
<br>
<br>
> The extent to which this happens<br>
> depends on where you are in the world; personally I've been bottlenecked<br>
> on the WiFi link ever since I got a fibre upstream (and with 802.11ax<br>
> rates maxing at >1Gbps, maybe that'll change again?).<br>
<br>
THIS is what I was after :) one data point, cool - so far, so good...<br>
<br>
Cheers,<br>
Michael<br>
<br>
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