[NNagain] Fwd: New Exclusive Report on 'Rip and Replace'
rjmcmahon
rjmcmahon at rjmcmahon.com
Thu Mar 21 21:24:23 EDT 2024
Oh, how I wish that an open source programmer showing up on a white
horse, with gnu emacs and a so-called "firmware" upgrade would fix all
these issues. Sadly, likely not. (Also, many of us have been building
systems with hot swap and active redundancy supporting live upgrades our
entire careers. Then there is also BGP to deal with route changes. So,
yes, here "rip and replace" is a b.s. title designed to drive passions
of what's not always real!!)
A TLDR story (for those needing something, something not from chat gpt,
to read at night.)
Early in my career we designed a router blade for an ethernet switch
(very early days of ethernet switches.) The switch engineers did their
work in ASICs and there was no merchant silicon in those days. The
equipment market was vertical. We evaluated the various internal ASICs
from the switch teams and made our selection. Note: The turn around of
an ASIC can be in years so hw devices are what Amazon calls "one way
doors." They call software "two way doors" as the counterpart. We were
selling to the RBOCs, and in those days (not these FWA days,) the
bell-heads really stressed five 9's of reliability. We needed "bug free"
hw per these customer demands. So we did our homework and found the most
reliable ASIC to interface into the switching fabric.
The linecard sold $350M in 1990s dollars in its first year. Then we got
a call from the RBOC saying their NOC was having serious data flow
problems. We went into their NOC, connected up all the gazintas and
gazuotas to see what was going on.
Well, under certain conditions, that ASIC was causing the switching
fabric to lose it's coherency with the switching decision ASIC. The
switching decision was for a previous packet and not the actual packet.
(Similar to what happened to some immigrants from Ellis Island that
ended up in Houston, Texas vs Houston St in NYC. Seemed close but just
not correct.)
Yikes! We exclaimed. So we immediately went to the hardware architect
and asked for a rev for the ASIC w/o the bug. He said maybe in two
years, but probably not, because the ASIC volume was too low to rev it.
We were up the proverbial creek. Then we came up with a software (or
firmware) fix of watching via sampling the hw switching bus and the hw
switching tables to see when they became incoherent. It was relatively
infrequent, like a few times a month.
So what did we do to actually fix this? The old ctl-alt-delete salute of
the switching system. Every packet in flight was dropped and TCP state
machines everywhere were signaled to go back to slow start, even though
this had nothing to do with TCP congestion.
This is a common practice by software to reset hardware when it loses
its brain. This really is not a fix at all. The proper fix is to replace
the buggy hardware, using active upgrade & swap approach and no firmware
upgrade can do that when hw is too old for NRE spends. These are all
just the way things really are from my experience.
Bob
> I have been trying to point out for many years now, that a lot of
> hardware can just have it's firmware replaced with something more
> trustable, secure, reliable, and feature full. I was appalled at the
> recent BOFO (?) rules that mandated buy american for secure .... glass
> .... and totally ignored the firmware problem. I have not read up on
> rip and replace progress below, and am afraid to, if someone could
> summarize?
>
> Ironically, I regard Huwai's compliance with the GPL, and general open
> source contribution philosophy as exemplary in an industry that
> seemingly has forgotten the benefits of openness or the copyright
> provisions of that license.
>
> The president of huwai once responded to complaints by promising to
> open up all it's source code for inspection... (cannot find the link),
> but the CISCOs of the world evaporated that possibility, and the mess
> downstream of most chinese AND american manufacturers has to be
> scanned to be believed.
>
> ... a lot of huwai's consumer gear can be reflashed to OpenWrt, which
> is maintained by a group of very security concious folk, mostly based
> in germany.
>
> ---------- Forwarded message ---------
> From: Broadband Breakfast <news at broadbandcensus.com>
> Date: Thu, Mar 21, 2024 at 9:23 AM
> Subject: New Exclusive Report on 'Rip and Replace'
> To: Dave Taht <dave.taht at gmail.com>
>
> Broadband Breakfast Live Online Every Wednesday at 12 Noon ET
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> View this email in your browser [1]
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> [2]
>
> 'RIP AND REPLACE'
>
> THE POLICY AND LAW BEHIND 'RIP AND REPLACE' [3]
>
> [4]
>
> Emerging reports signal a growing concern among telecommunications
> providers grappling with compliance to the Federal Communications
> Commission's mandate to excise problematic equipment from certain
> Chinese companies.
>
> Amid this regulatory melange, providers are finding themselves at a
> crossroads, with the daunting task of navigating stringent
> regulations, facing the financial brunt of equipment replacement, and
> contending with the ambiguity surrounding funding mechanisms for such
> extensive undertakings.
>
> At the heart of this unfolding scenario is the "rip and replace"
> program, a cornerstone initiative under the Secure and Trusted
> Communications Networks Act of 2019 [5], designed to fortify the
> nation's telecommunications infrastructure against potential espionage
> and cyber threats.
>
> This comprehensive effort [6]not only mandates the purging of
> equipment from companies like Huawei Technologies and ZTE Corporation,
> deemed security risks, but also underscores a pivotal shift towards
> securing the integrity and reliability of U.S. telecommunications
> networks.
>
> As the FCC enforces this order, the ripple effects are palpable,
> spanning legal and financial implications for compliant companies and
> operational challenges that demand innovative solutions, all while
> setting a precedent for how national security considerations are
> increasingly shaping the telecommunications landscape.
>
> _WHAT IS 'RIP AND REPLACE'?_
>
> The rip and replace initiative, officially part of the initiatives
> under the Secure and Trusted Communications Networks Act of 2019 [7],
> is a Federal Communications Commission effort aimed at enhancing
> national security within the country's telecommunications
> infrastructure.
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