[Starlink] Main hurdles against the Integration of Satellites and Terrestial Networks

[Hesham ElBakoury]

Here is a report which summarizes the outcome of the last Satellites
conference  [
https://www.microwavejournal.com/articles/39841-satellite-2023-summary-linking-up
]

The report highlights the two main hurdles against the integration of
satellites and terrestrial networks: *standardization and business model.*

"*Most of the pushback against closer integration of terrestrial wireless
and satellite networks revolved around standardization. This may just be
growing pains and it likely reflects the relative positions of wireless and
satellite along the maturity curve, but some of the speakers were arguing
against standardization. The basis of this argument was that the mobile
industry only understands standards, but the satellite industry is
currently differentiating based on custom systems and capabilities. The
feeling was that the satellite industry had focused on technology and not
regulations or standards and changing that course would not be helpful to
the industry in the short term. Timing is important in this analysis
because almost everyone agreed that at some point, standardization would be
a good thing, but the concern was the best way to get to the point in the
future. The other interesting argument against closer integration between
wireless and satellite had to do with the business model. Several speakers
questioned where the customers would go as terrestrial and non-terrestrial
networks become more integrated. The underlying issues seemed to include
who is responsible for solving network issues and perhaps more importantly,
who recognizes the revenue. These issues seem, perhaps a bit
simplistically, to be similar to early wireless roaming issues. While these
issues created turbulence in the wireless market, they were solved and that
is probably a template to address these challenges for the wireless and
satellite operators."*

Comments?

Hesham
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