From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: Received: from mail0.rbsov.bogons.net (mail0.rbsov.bogons.net [IPv6:2001:4b10:0:1001::12]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by lists.bufferbloat.net (Postfix) with ESMTPS id DE1923B2A4 for ; Wed, 5 Feb 2025 19:37:14 -0500 (EST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; q=dns/txt; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=bogons.net; s=dkim2019; h=Content-Transfer-Encoding:Content-Type:MIME-Version:Reply-To: References:In-Reply-To:Message-Id:Date:Subject:To:From:Sender:Cc:Content-ID: Content-Description:Resent-Date:Resent-From:Resent-Sender:Resent-To:Resent-Cc :Resent-Message-ID:List-Id:List-Help:List-Unsubscribe:List-Subscribe: List-Post:List-Owner:List-Archive; bh=R7P9QB/1RKXa4bnBmjBE2CHCFegz+HOwr3r4/IcOWJs=; b=YIu8jQe2Vsla84XJO/Ic8R4B2F vNXN30Tuf47nvnPSXXnmIrAap2wY1+CLkJDg1eSIpjEH5We4MX+DBtRNbox1lsBCdO51Z3wkLVT/7 X3xJfQlxB7Q8Jp8GLqc1YqN6VASmV4tE4K4KfEUujiZxCFQEoj4Ro44wIyL4bPY5intDXKqByn/bY 9BuT0lkW5GAy3Nr72eoSBXqNJnej91QMjnJYc3kWQ5ufPC1hXzBriaGiY0EqHEwK8RuHsdrp/FzgI yL5+pfsRmbqgxkaHPqJo5Xp2y2CKRlfY3r3lIvHalfuDkTU2sJwKN7Jp8VxTyH3QV0OzuRBCCVRoi aIzclZBg==; Envelope-to: Starlink@lists.bufferbloat.net Received: from vr0-g0-1-0.thdo.bogons.net ([85.158.40.74] helo=[IPv6:::ffff:132.185.28.54]) by mail0.rbsov.bogons.net with esmtps (TLS1.2:ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:256) (Exim 4.92) (envelope-from ) id 1tfpsq-0002rd-Fc for Starlink@lists.bufferbloat.net; Thu, 06 Feb 2025 00:36:59 +0000 From: "Brandon Butterworth" To: Starlink Date: Thu, 06 Feb 2025 00:36:42 +0000 Message-Id: In-Reply-To: References: Reply-To: "Brandon Butterworth" User-Agent: eM_Client/10.1.4828.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-Spam-Score: 0.2 X-Spam-Level: / X-Spam-Report: No, hits=0.2 required=5.0 tests=HELO_MISC_IP, SPF_HELO_NONE, SPF_PASS autolearn=disabled version=3.4.4 Subject: [Starlink] "They are retiring and incinerating about 4 or 5 Starlinks every day" X-BeenThere: starlink@lists.bufferbloat.net X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.20 Precedence: list List-Id: "Starlink has bufferbloat. Bad." List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Thu, 06 Feb 2025 00:37:15 -0000 'UNPRECEDENTED' STARLINK REENTRIES: What goes up, must come down--which=20 could be a problem when you're launching thousands of satellites. Since=20 2018, SpaceX has placed more than 7,000 Starlink satellites into Earth=20 orbit, and now they are starting to come down. In January alone, more=20 than 120 Starlinks deorbited, creating a shower of fireballs. "The sustained rate of daily reentries is unprecedented," says Jonathan=20 McDowell, an astronomer at the Harvard Center for Astrophysics who=20 tracks satellites. "They are retiring and incinerating about 4 or 5=20 Starlinks every day." Planners have long known this would happen. First generation (Gen1)=20 Starlink satellites are being retired to make way for newer models.=20 "More than 500 of the 4700 Gen1 Starlinks have now reentered," says=20 McDowell. When Starlinks reenter, they disintegrate before hitting the ground,=20 adding metallic vapors to the atmosphere. A study published in 2023=20 found evidence of the lingering devris. In February 2023, NASA flew a=20 WB-57 aircraft 60,000 feet over Alaska to collect aerosols. 10% of the=20 particles contained aluminum and other metals from the "burn-up" of=20 satellites. What we're observing is a giant uncontrolled experiment in atmospheric=20 chemistry. The demise of just one Gen1 Starlink satellite produces about=20 30 kilograms (66 pounds) of aluminum oxide, a compound that eats away at=20 the ozone layer. A new study finds these oxides have increased 8-fold=20 between 2016 and 2022, and the recent surge is increasing the pollution=20 even more. On the bright side, each reentry produces a beautiful fireball--and the=20 odds are increasing that you'll see one. Visit the Aerospace Corporation=20 for reentry predictions, and submit your photos here. https://spaceweather.com